second-order constructs
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Map (higher-order function) — In many programming languages, map is the name of a higher order function that applies a given function to each element of a list, returning a list of results. They are examples of both catamorphisms and anamorphisms. This is often called apply… … Wikipedia
Gossen's second law — Gossen s Second “Law”, named for Hermann Heinrich Gossen (1810 – 1858), is the assertion that an economic agent will allocate his or her expenditures such that the ratio of the marginal utility of each good or service to its price (the marginal… … Wikipedia
КОНСТРУКЦИИ ВТОРОГО ПОРЯДКА — (second order constructs) теории о теориях (см. Метатеория). Поскольку все социальные акторы сами обладают теориями о своих собственных действиях, все социологические теории могут рассматриваться как конструкции второго порядка , направленные на… … Большой толковый социологический словарь
formal logic — the branch of logic concerned exclusively with the principles of deductive reasoning and with the form rather than the content of propositions. [1855 60] * * * Introduction the abstract study of propositions, statements, or assertively used … Universalium
Philosophy of mathematics — The philosophy of mathematics is the branch of philosophy that studies the philosophical assumptions, foundations, and implications of mathematics. The aim of the philosophy of mathematics is to provide an account of the nature and methodology of … Wikipedia
Gödel's completeness theorem — is a fundamental theorem in mathematical logic that establishes a correspondence between semantic truth and syntactic provability in first order logic. It was first proved by Kurt Gödel in 1929. A first order formula is called logically valid if… … Wikipedia
Derivative (generalizations) — Derivative is a fundamental construction of differential calculus and admits many possible generalizations within the fields of mathematical analysis, combinatorics, algebra, and geometry. Derivatives in analysis In real, complex, and functional… … Wikipedia
Europe, history of — Introduction history of European peoples and cultures from prehistoric times to the present. Europe is a more ambiguous term than most geographic expressions. Its etymology is doubtful, as is the physical extent of the area it designates.… … Universalium
Enclave and exclave — Enclave redirects here. For other uses, see Enclave (disambiguation). (Fig. 1) C is A s enclave and B s exclave (Fig. 2) C is an exclave of B, but not an enclave of A since it also shares a border with D In political … Wikipedia
metaphysics — /met euh fiz iks/, n. (used with a sing. v.) 1. the branch of philosophy that treats of first principles, includes ontology and cosmology, and is intimately connected with epistemology. 2. philosophy, esp. in its more abstruse branches. 3. the… … Universalium